Crude-oil burner.



PATBNTED AUG. 15, 1905.

J'n4 C. ZIEGAZER.Il GRUDE'OIL BURNER. Prmomlon rum) un 6.1905.

NTV

ET) STATES PATENT OFFICE,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 15, 1905.

Application filed May 6,1905. Serial No. 259,205.

To all whom it may con/cern.Y

Be it known that I, JOHN C. Zinc-nina, residingl at Seymour, in thecounty o'l Baylor and State of '.lexas, have invented a new and improvedCrude-Oil Burner, of which the following is a specilication.

My invention relates to improvements in that type of burners or stovesespecially designed for burning crude oil in its natural unrelined stateas i'uel; and it primarily has for its object to provide an improvedconstruction et' crude-oilburning means of the general character statedof a simple, economical, and etlective nature in which the oil isperfectly and under an economical feed positively consumed withoutproducing smoke or odor.

.ln its `generic nature my invention comprehends an improved type oi'crude-oil burner devices adapted tor use with the common type oi'heating-stoves that use coal or wood 'For fuel without materiallychanging their general arrangement, and the said burner devices aredesigned for etlecting' a quick conversion ot' the oil into a vaporousfuel,V

whereby the maximum iuel products of the oil is obtained and theresiduum or non-convertible elements oi the oil is collected., so thatthe same may be readily removed.

lin its more complete form my invention includes, in combination with astove having a vertical heating drum or chamber, a conically-shapedair-funnel supported within the heating-drum and whose upper or wide endforms aclosure means for the upper part oli the heating-chamber oi' thedrum and whose lower or contraetedend leads the oil under a strong'blast against the burner devices beneath it and which acts as a meansfor thoroughly heating the air as it is iied against the burner and alsoas a iiame-spreader and in such manner that none but heated air is 'fedto the burner.

My invention also embodies a special construction ot' burner having itsparts so designed that the oil fed down through the funnel under gravityor forced feed is delivered under great Vforce against an upper ortarget member of the burner, whereby to spray the lighter particles sothey instantly become converted into gas and are consumed, while theheavier particles descend over the lower part of the target member andare Afurther converted into gas and consumed as the heavynon-convertible substance passes down onto the separating-cone memberand into the pan.

My invention also provides such a type of gaseous-oil burner which actson the crude oil in such manner that the lighter or l'loatable solidsthat detach themselves during' the process et' converting the oil intogas will be drawn up into the `flue as the heavier solids attach to theupper perforated cone, from whence they may be removed afterextinguishing the lire.

ln its more subordinate Jt'eatures my invention consists in certaindetails of construction and peculiar combination o'l` parts, all oi'which will behereina'lteriully described,pointed out in the appendedclaims, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1is a perspective view of a crudeoil-burning stove constructed inaccordance with my invention, portions being broken away to clearlyillustrate the general arrangement ol" the internal parts. Fig'. 2 is avertical section of the same, taken practically on the line 2. E2 ofFig. l. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line 3 3 on Fig. 2.Fig. 4 is a view which illustrates the perforated target-cone and theseparating-eone member of the burner detached, and Fig. 5 is aperspective view ot' the collecting-pan detached.

l'n the accompanying` drawings .l have illustrated the burner, the pan,and the combined air-funnel and radiator and oil-leading member asadapted for and combined with the ordinary type olt coal or woodheating-stove having a sheet-iron drum mounted on the combustion-chamberor lire-box; but l desire it understood that the said parts oi" myinvention without materially changing may be readily adapted for othertypes oi heaters. The type of heater shown l. have found as permittingthe most economical and el'lective application of my invention.

The base A of the stove is oi cast metal, suitably mounted on the legs ca, and having an inverted tapering' tire-pot c', closed tight at itsbottom, whose upper end has an annular ornamental rim a, provided withan annu lar seat fr, to receive the bottom of the sheetiron drum b, andthe said upper end oi the pot u, has the annular hot-air-blast chambera", Vlied through a valved opening or slide-damper a5 in the door sideof the drum in the usual manner, as best shown in Fig. 3, which alsoshows the slots a in the chamber a" that lead the blast in streams oriets radially over the burner.

The drum 7; in my arrangement of oil-burner is closed by the ornamentalannular cast rim c, having a pendent flange c, that slips down insidethe top of the drum, and the said rim o has an opening nearly thefulldiameter of the ,l viding the funnel fZ, as shown, the fresh air rim, inwhich is pendently held a cone-shaped funnel (Z, whose upper or largeend has an ann ularflange CZ' to rest on the rim c, as shown.

The lower or small end of the'funnel c terminates in a short restrictedstraight nozzle (Z2, that extends in a plane slightly below the yannular air ring or chamber on the top of the lire-pot and to a point inpractice about three inches above the upper or target member of theburner devices, the reason for which will be presently explained.

6 designates the oil-feed pipe that connects with the storage-tank orother source of supply and which joins with a valve 6, with which thependent or discharge pipe 6" connects and vwhich extends down into thefunnel Z to a point about midway its length and ends with anejector-nozzle ZG.

The burner device proper comprises, essentially, but three partsthe pan7, of a size to freely lit on the bottom of the lire-pot and slightlydished to convey the flow therein to the center, a hollow conicalcasting 8, havingl its edge terminating' in pendent flange 8b, notched,as at 8C, that detachably seats in the pan and has a centralupwardly-projecting stem 8, and asecond cone-shaped member 9, of muchless diameter than that of the casting 8 and which has a vertical hubhaving a socket 9u in its under side to rest on the stem 8 and to holdthe target-cone elevated above the casting 8. The target-cone 9 has aseries of apertures 9b, and said target forms the spraying-cone, as itis directly against the upper face that the mixed air and oil is forcedunder pressure from the funnel (Z.

The manner in which my invention operates and the advantages of the sameare best explained as follows: To start the fire, saturated waste isplaced under the target-cone 9 and ignited to effect the preliminaryheating of the burner members 8 and 9. As soon as the target-cone isheated a small quantity of oil is allowed to drop onto the target, whichis increased until the target is at the maximum incandescence. Thedamper of in the annular hot-air chamber (f is opened or closed as theflow of oil is increased or diminished--z'- e., when the flow of oil isslight and no smoke is produced during its combustion if the damper a"is closed then the said damper Z5 is allowed to remain closed, butshould the flow of oil be too great to be fully burned with only the airfed in through the funnel Z smoke will be produced, and to prevent thissmoke production the damper of is opened just sufficient to feed in theadditional amount of air required to fully consume the oil withoutproduction of smoke. The draft down the funnel (Z and up thechimney-flue (and in through the damper U7 and up the chimneyflue whenthe damper is open) will be sufliciently strong to prevent the escape ofcombustible gases from the stove, and by profed in therethrough will beconcentrated directly on the target-cone. Since in connection with theflue the intense heat in the lire-pot creates a powerful draft down thefunnel and heats the funnel, it follows that the air-blast drawn throughthe contracted end of the funnel creates astrong suction on thedischarge or ejector end of the oil-pipe, and thus materially aids inkeeping up a proper feed of the oil and also in preventing the cloggingof the nozzle of the pipe, which might occur under ordinary gravity-feedof the oil therefrom. The oil and air mixing in the lower or contractedend of the funnel becomes at once thoroughly heated and converted into agaseous fluid which discharges under great force against the targetportion 9EL of' the target-cone 9, and such impact of the mixed air andvaporous fluid serves to thoroughly pray the lighter particles of thefluid, and thus cause them to instantly ignite as they are thus diused,thereby creating, as it were, a maximum spreading of the flame, whichunder the force of the whirling air-current. caused bythe influx of airinto the closed fire-pot from the funnel, as also from the annularair-space on the fire-pot, and the passing of the up-current through theperforations in the target-cone, creates a heat intense enough to atonce convert and consume all but the incombustible particles of the oiland create a powerful heat within the drum, which as it radiatesexternally of the drum also keeps the funnel to such heat that willthoroughly heat the incoming air before it intermixes with the gas, agreat desideratum in this type of heaters. By providing the funnelmember Z and making it of cone shape, with the larger diameter at theopen or top end in communication with the atmosphere and the smallerdiameter adjacent the target-cone, the heat from the internal surface ofthe funnel passes off into the room, thereby greatly increasing theheating capacity of this type of stove. As the heavier convertibleparticles of the oil pass over the lower edge of the perforated face ofthe target-cone 9 they become consumed, thus effecting a positiveconsumption of all the convertible parts of the oil without smoke orodor, and the non-convertible parts, such as asphaltum and the like,drop olf the targetcone 9 onto the lower cone 8, which for convenienceof description I shall term the separatingcone. The non-convertibleparts which fall on the separating-cone S-flow off the same and downunderneath such cone through the apertures 8c into the collectingpan 7.As the non-convertible parts of the oil are subjected to a powerful heatin a restricted space they become baked, baking in the pan 7, from whichthey can be readily separated when the said parts are cooled by simplyremoving the several parts through the stove-door and cleaning them withany suitable instrument.

Having thus described my invention, what 1 claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, iisl. A crude-oil burner comprising a stovecasing anda closed lire-pot, an imperforated conical separator detachably mountedon the bottom ot' the lire-pot, an elevated perforated target-conecentrally supported above said conical separator, a cone-shaped funnelmember pivotally supported through the top of the stove-casing with itssmall end held to discharge centrally against the target-cone, and anoil-dropper that discharges into the 'funnel substantially as shown anddescribed.

2. A crude-oil burner, comprising in combination with the stove-casinghaving a closed fire-pot, of an imperforated conical separator .mountedon the bottom of the lire-pot, a second conical and apertured membersupported at its center over the separator, and a combined air and oilreceiver mounted in the top of the stove that discharges directlyagainst the second conical member, substantially as shown and described.

The combination with a stove-casing and an inverted-funnel-shapedair-feeder depending within the body of the stove for contracting theair column as the air passes into the stove-body and serving to reducethe space at the upper end of the body, and a burner within thestove-body below the air-feeder, said stove-body being provided at itsupper portion with an ofitalze, and means for feeding oil to the burnerthrough the air-feeder, substantially as shown and described.

4. A. crude-oil burner comprising an `imperforated cone-shaped separatorhaving a vertical stem at its apex, a target-cone of less diameter thanthe separator-cone detachably supported on the aforesaid vertical stemand including' a target portion, and means supportable from the top ofthe stove for feeding mixed air and oil directly against the targetportion of the target-cone, substantially as shown and described.

5. The combination withastove-casing having a closed tire-pot and anopening in the top, of a pan detachably supported in the lirepot, aconical separator supported in the pan, a perforated target-conedetachably supported centrally over the separator` and a means forconveying a combined air-blast and oilfeed through the top ol thestove-casing directly against the target portion of the target-cone,substantially as shown and described.

6. The combination with the closed tire-box having a slottedhot-air-blast ring at its upper edge, a casing mounted. on the lire-box,a funnel-shaped air-receiver detachably supported from the open top ofthe stove-casing` and the oil-feed pipe that discharges into thefunnel-shaped receiver, of the pan detachably mounted in the bottom ofthe [ire-box, the cone-shaped separator 8 loosely mounted in the pan,said separator having a central vertical stem, the target-cone 9 havingla series of apertures and a central socket whereby to support it on thestem oiE the member 8, said target being in line oi" the discharge endof the `funnel-shaped receiver.

7. A crude-oil burner comprising a coneshapcd separator having avertical stem at its apex and a downwardly-projecting peripheral langeat its base, said l'lange having peripheral apertures, a target-conehaving a target portion and of less diameter than the coneshapedseparator detachably supported at its apex on the aforesaid verticalstem and means for feeding mixed air and oil downwardly directly on thetop of the target portion ol the target-cone substantially as shown anddescribed.

8. The combination with a stove-casing having a closed lire-pot andanopening in the top, ot a pan detachably supported in the lirepot, aconical separator supported in the pan, a perforated cone-sha1. edtarget (fletachably supported at its apex centrally over the separator,and a means for conveying' a combined air-blast and oil-feed through thetop ol" the stove-casing and directly against the target, substantiallyas shown and described.

JOHN C. ZlEG-LEH.

Vv'itnesses:

JoiuN L. FnrrrcI-rnn, JouN T. itcnno'rr.

